Unit 4: Software Design Principles, Architecture & Strategies

Unit 4 Learning Hub

Software Design Principles, Architecture & Strategies

Official MJPRU BCA Unit 4: Software Design Principles, Architecture & Strategies for BCA-423E (Software Engineering).

Syllabus Topics:Software Design Concept: Transforming Analysis Model to Design Model, Design Quality GuidelinesFundamental Design Concepts: Abstraction (Data, Procedural), Architecture, Modularity, Information Hiding (Parnas Principle)Functional Independence: Cohesion and Coupling (The Golden Rule: High Cohesion and Low Coupling)Types of Cohesion (Worst to Best): Coincidental, Logical, Temporal, Procedural, Communicational, Sequential, Functional CohesionTypes of Coupling (Worst to Best): Content, Common (Global), Control, Stamp (Data Structure), Data, UncoupledArchitectural Design Styles: Data-Centered (Repository/Blackboard), Data-Flow (Pipe-and-Filter), Call-and-Return, Layered Architecture, Client-ServerStructured Design Methodology: Structure Charts, Transform Analysis (Transform Center Flow) vs Transaction AnalysisObject-Oriented Design (OOD): SOLID Design Principles (Single Responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov Substitution, Interface Segregation, Dependency Inversion)Design Patterns: Creational (Singleton, Factory Method), Structural (Adapter, Decorator), Behavioral (Observer, Strategy)User Interface (UI) Design: Golden Rules (Theo Mandel - Place User in Control, Reduce Memory Load, Make UI Consistent), Usability EngineeringDesign Specification and Verification: Design Walkthroughs, Critical Design Reviews (CDR), Design Translation Process (Mapping Design to Source Code)Design Metrics: Architectural Complexity Metrics, Cyclomatic Complexity (Thomas McCabe: V(G) = E - N + 2P or P + 1)

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Introduction to Computers & The IPO Cycle

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Topic 1 · The foundation of modern computing

Introduction to Computers & The IPO Cycle

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Ready to master this concept? Give it a quick read & tap the check!

💡 The Big Picture:A computer is an electronic system that takes raw data as Input, processes it under programmed logic, and produces meaningful Information as Output.

🍪 Everyday Analogy:Think of baking cookies: Flour & Sugar (Input) ➔ The Oven (Processing) ➔ Warm Delicious Cookie (Output)! 🍪

Key Exam Takeaways

·Data = Raw, unprocessed facts without context (e.g. 42, 'apple').
·Information = Structured data with meaning (e.g. 'Temperature: 42°C').
·Hardware is what you can touch; Software is the instructions running inside.

Instant Knowledge Check

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Which of the following represents unprocessed raw facts?

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