BCA-431E · Introduction to Cyber Security
Unit 4
Security Countermeasures, Firewalls & Cryptography
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Unit 4 Learning Hub
Security Countermeasures, Firewalls & Cryptography
Official MJPRU BCA Unit 4: Security Countermeasures, Firewalls & Cryptography for BCA-431E (Introduction to Cyber Security).
Syllabus Topics:Security Countermeasure Architecture: Preventative, Detective, Corrective, Compensating & Deterrent ControlsFirewall Technologies: Definition, Packet Filtering Firewalls (Stateless vs Stateful Inspection), Circuit-Level GatewaysApplication-Level Gateways (Proxy Firewalls) & Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFW): Deep Packet Inspection (DPI), Intrusion Prevention, SSL DecryptionFirewall Architectures: Dual-Homed Host, Screened Host, Screened Subnet (Demilitarized Zone - DMZ) TopologiesAntivirus and Anti-Malware Systems: Signature-Based Scanning, Heuristic Analysis, Behavior Monitoring, Sandboxing ExecutionSystem Hardening Techniques: Disabling Default Accounts, Closing Unused Ports/Services, Patch Management, OS Configuration BaselinesFundamentals of Cryptography: Plaintext, Ciphertext, Ciphers, Keys, Cryptanalysis, Kerckhoffs's PrincipleSymmetric (Secret Key) Cryptography: Stream Ciphers vs Block Ciphers, Substitution-Permutation Networks, Feistel Cipher StructureSymmetric Encryption Standards: Data Encryption Standard (DES), Triple-DES (3DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES - 128, 192, 256 bits)Asymmetric (Public Key) Cryptography: Trapdoor One-Way Functions, Key Pairs (Public/Private), RSA Algorithm & Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)Cryptographic Hash Functions: Properties (Pre-image Resistance, Collision Resistance), MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, Message Authentication Codes (MAC, HMAC)Digital Signatures & Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): Digital Signatures (Non-Repudiation), X.509 Digital Certificates, Certificate Authorities (CA), SSL/TLS Handshake
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Introduction to Computers & The IPO Cycle
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Topic 1 · The foundation of modern computing
Introduction to Computers & The IPO Cycle
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Ready to master this concept? Give it a quick read & tap the check!
💡 The Big Picture:A computer is an electronic system that takes raw data as Input, processes it under programmed logic, and produces meaningful Information as Output.
🍪 Everyday Analogy:Think of baking cookies: Flour & Sugar (Input) ➔ The Oven (Processing) ➔ Warm Delicious Cookie (Output)! 🍪
Key Exam Takeaways
- ·Data = Raw, unprocessed facts without context (e.g. 42, 'apple').
- ·Information = Structured data with meaning (e.g. 'Temperature: 42°C').
- ·Hardware is what you can touch; Software is the instructions running inside.
Instant Knowledge Check
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Which of the following represents unprocessed raw facts?
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